Response Durum Wheat to Fertility Levels under Tropical Semiarid Climatic Conditions of Southern Côte d’Ivoire
Traoré Migninna Joachim
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Brahima Kone *
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
N’guessan Kouamé Jean-Claude
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Konan Kouamé Firmin
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Kouame René N’ganzoua
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Zadi Florent
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Dick Emanuel
Training and Research Unit of Biosciences, Department of Agrophysiology, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
Yao- Kouame Albert
Training and Research Unit of Earth and Mining Sciences, Department of Soil Science, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Cocody, Abidjan, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: To determine the effect of NPK-fertilizer on wheat agronomic parameters and identify the couple of maximum yield and rate of fertilizer according to a response curve.
Study Design: A pot (277.75 cm2) trial was conducted in randomized complete block design composed of three replications.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was carried out in the botanic center of Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, in Abidjan city located in south Côte d’Ivoire, during three successive cropping cycles of wheat in 2015.
Methodology: In 18 pots containing 5 kg of soil as substact, six NPK-fertilizer (15-22-22) rates (100 kgha-1, 200 kgha-1, 300 kgha-1, 400 kgha-1, 500 kgha-1 and 600 kgha-1) was applied as basal fertilizer. At tillering and boosting stages, 35 kgha-1 of urea (CO(NH2)2; 46%N) was applied for each pot respective.
Results: Wheat response was highly significant (p< 0.0001) for both linear and quadratic trends of wheat grain yield (GY) as well as for the total dry matter (TDM). The rates of 400 kgha-1 and 425 kgha-1 were relevant to the highest grain yields and total dry matter (11.02 and 40.35 g/pot) though, more pronounced trend was accounting significantly for 300 kgha-1 across the successive trials.
Conclusion: Consequently, the rate of 400 kgha-1 of NPK (15-22-22) should be the optimum recommended for durum wheat production in the forest zone of south Côte d’Ivoire. Therefore, an investigation of wheat response to K-fertilizer is still required for the improvement of plant vigor.
Keywords: Wheat, response curve, fertilization, basal fertilizer, Côte d’Ivoire